2nd EEAS Report on Foreign Information Manipulation and Interference Threats

The second EEAS FIMI report represents a significant step forward from the first: based on 750 investigated incidents across a full year (December 2022 to November 2023), it introduces the FIMI Response Framework — moving the EEAS from threat documentation to deterrence and response. The response framework identifies a sequence of actions (detect, analyse, attribute, respond, and evaluate) and maps the institutional responsibilities across the EU system.

The scale-up from 100 to 750 incidents reflects both improved detection methodology and the genuinely intensifying FIMI environment around the Ukraine conflict and the run-up to the 2024 European elections. The report's treatment of Russian and Chinese FIMI as distinct but sometimes coordinated threats is analytically important — it resists the tendency to treat all adversarial information activity as a single undifferentiated phenomenon. For practitioners tracking EEAS analytical development, this report marks the point at which the EU moved from monitoring to active counter-FIMI posture.